HardHatPiano

Theory Companion: The Science of the System

The Mathematical Foundation

Modern music relies on Equal Temperament (ET). Unlike ancient systems based on pure ratios, ET is a compromise that divides the octave into twelve perfectly equal steps.

The Key Advantage: Perfect Modulation. The distance between any two adjacent notes is identical (100 cents), allowing music to move freely between all keys.

12 Equal Steps
√2 (12th root)

Evolution of Scales

1. The Pentatonic (Start)

Anhemitonic: No half steps. Naturally melodic and "safe" because it lacks strong dissonance.

3 Whole Steps 2 Minor Thirds

2. The Diatonic (Goal)

Asymmetric: 7 notes with maximal separation. The specific pattern of Whole and Half steps creates tonal direction (a sense of "home").

5 Whole Steps 2 Half Steps

Scale Geometry

Interval Composition breakdown

The "Excluded Five" Algorithm

A diatonic scale is defined as much by what it omits as what it includes. In a 12-tone system, choosing 7 notes means strictly excluding 5.

HardHatPiano Logic: The validation engine doesn't check if you played the right notes. It checks if you avoided the wrong ones.

7 Included
5 Excluded
The Mode (Valid) The Complement (Invalid)

Deep Symmetry: Mirror Modes

The hidden palindromes of the keyboard.

↔️

Ionian

mirrors

Phrygian

🔄

Dorian

is

Palindromic

↔️

Mixolydian

mirrors

Aeolian

↔️

Lydian

mirrors

Locrian

"If we view the keyboard from the back (reversed), the geometry reveals these palindromic pairs."